The merits of Ramadhaan:
In relation to the merits of Ramadhaan the following ahaadeeth have been related:
1) On the authority of Abu Hurairah (ra) that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم use to say: "The five prayers, and from one Jumu'ah to the next, and one Ramadhaan to the next count as a an expiation for all that is between them if the Kabaa'ir (major sins) are avoided." Imaam Muslim (552), Ahmad and Al Bukhaari in his At Tareekh Al Kabeer.
2) And also from him (ra) that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "Shame/pity (raghima Anf) on the man who when I am mentioned does not pray on me and pity on the man who enters into Ramadhaan and does not have all of his sins forgiven before its passing and pity on the man who when his parents reach an old age and they don't cause him to enter Jannah (because of his good treatment of them).
" Rabiy said: 'I don't know it (the hadeeth) except that he said: 'or one of the two (parents)'. Imaam Ahmad (7444), Tirmidhi, Ibn Khuzaimah, al Haakim. Its Isnaad (chain) is jayyid (good).
3) From Abu Hurairah (ra) that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
"When Ramadhaan begins the doors to Jannah are opened and those of Jahannam are locked and the Shayateen are chained up." Al Bukhaari (1899), Muslim, An Nisaa'i, Ahmad, Ibn Hibbaan, Ad Daarami with differences in some words.
4) From Abu Hurairah (ra) that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "Whoever fasts Ramadhaan with Imaan and Ihtisaab (expecting reward from Allah) then all of his previous sins will be forgiven." Al Bukhaari (38) Nisaa'i, Ibn Maajah, Ahmad, Ibn Hibbaan, and Ahmad (8989) and Nisaa'i in a second version stating 'all of his previous and forthcoming sins will be forgiven'. Al Mundhiri said the Isnaad is Hasan but Hamaad had doubt in its connection or that the addition to the Hadeeth only goes back to one link in the chain from Qateebah bin Saeed from Sufyaan.
5) From ibn Abbaas (rah) that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "The performance of Umrah in Ramadhaan is equal to Hajj." Ibn Maajah (2994), Nisaa'i, Ahmad. Ibn Maajah (2991), Ahmad and Tirmidhi narrated the Hadeeth with the same wording from Wahab bin Khanbash. Ahmad (14855) and Ibn Maajah also narrated it from Jaabir (ra).
Al Bukhaari (1863) narrated from Jaabir (ra) and Muslim and Abu Daawud with the wording; "Verily Umrah in Ramadhaan is like Hajj or Hajj with me."
Tabaraani in his Al Mu'jam Al Kabeer (364/25) and Abu Daawujd, Ahmad on the authority of Mu'qal (ra) (she) said: "'I have become old and sick. Is there an action that can recompense me for my Hajj? He صلى الله عليه وسلم said: 'Umrah in Ramadhaan will recompense for it.'"
6) From Abu Hurairah (ra) that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "On the first night of Ramadhaan the Shayaateen are tied up and (maradatul) Jinn, the doors to the fire (hell) are locked so that not one of its doors will be opened. The doors to Jannah will be opened and not one of its doors will be closed. A caller will call 'Oh desirer of Good (Aqbil) proceed! (come forward) and Oh desirer of evil (Aqsir) fall behind! And to Allah سبحانه وتعالى belongs those who are freed/saved from the fire. This will happen in every night (of Ramadhaan)." Ibn Maajah (1642), Ibn Hibbaan and Bayhaqi. Al Haakim narrated it and verified its soundness (saheeh) and adh Dhahabi agreed. Ibn Khuzaimah (1883) narrated it with a slight difference and Tabaraani in Al Mu'jam al Kabeer (1586) an Nisaa'i narrated similar to it except on the way of Utbah bin Farqad (ra).
The significance of the above ahaadeeth are clear and do not require further explanation. If I add the ahaadeeth related to the merits of fasting in a complete manner to this topic then the merits of both fasting and Ramadhaan combined can be revealed in a perfect way.
Ibn Abbaas (ra) said: 'The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم was the very best (most generous) of people, and he was at his best in Ramadhaan when he would meet with Jibreel (rha) and he would meet Jibreel every night and would go over (revise) the Quran. The Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم was even better in bringing Al Khair (goodness) than the fair winds'. Al Bukhaari (6), Muslim, Nisaa'i, Tirmidhi, Ahmad and Ibn Hibbaan
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